What is home staking?
Home staking is the act of running an Ethereum node connected to the internet and depositing 32 ETH to activate a validator, giving you the ability to participate directly in network consensus.
Home staking increases the decentralization of the Ethereum network, making Ethereum more censorship-resistant and robust against attacks. Other staking methods may not help the network in the same ways. Home staking is the best staking option for securing Ethereum.
An Ethereum node consists of both an execution layer (EL) client, as well as a consensus layer (CL) client. These clients are software that work together, along with a valid set of signing keys, to verify transactions and blocks, attest to the correct head of the chain, aggregate attestations, and propose blocks.
Home stakers are responsible for operating the hardware needed to run these clients. It is highly recommended to use a dedicated machine for this that you operate from home–this is extremely beneficial to the health of the network.
A home staker receives rewards directly from the protocol for keeping their validator properly functioning and online.
Why stake from home?
Home staking comes with more responsibility but provides you with maximum control over your funds and staking setup.
Earn fresh ETH
Earn ETH-denominated rewards directly from the protocol when your validator is online, without any middlemen taking a cut.
Full control
Keep your own keys. Choose the combination of clients and hardware that allows you to minimize your risk and best contribute to the health and security of the network. Third-party staking services make these decisions for you, and they don't always make the safest choices.
Network security
Home staking is the most impactful way to stake. By running a validator on your own hardware at home, you strengthen the robustness, decentralization, and security of the Ethereum protocol.
Considerations before home staking
As much as we wish that home staking was accessible and risk free to everyone, this is not reality. There are some practical and serious considerations to keep in mind before choosing to home stake your ETH.
与其他选项比较
质押即服务 (SaaS)
即使有了质押即服务提供商，你仍然需要存入 32 个以太币，但不必运行硬件。通常情况下，你拥有验证者密钥的访问权限，但同时也需分享你的签名密钥，让运营商可以代表你的验证者行动。在运行你自己的硬件时，这将引入不存在的信任层，而且与单独质押不同，质押即服务对节点的地理分布没有多大帮助。如果你并不习惯使用硬件但同时还想质押 32 个以太币，通过质押即服务可能是一个很好的选择。
详细了解质押即服务联合质押
单独质押的参与程度远远超过联合质押，但完全享有以太坊奖励，并且可以完全控制验证者的设置和安全。联合质押的进入门槛要低得多。用户只需质押少量以太币，无需生成验证者密钥，并且除了标准网络连接外不需要其他任何硬件。流动性代币让质押人能够在质押于协议层生效前退出，如果你对这些功能感兴趣，联合质押将是个很好的工具。
详细了解联合质押How it works
准备好硬件：你需要运行一个节点来质押
同步一个执行层客户端
同步一个共识层客户端
生成你的密钥并加载到你的验证者客户端
监视和维护你的节点
While active you will earn ETH rewards, which will be periodically deposited into your withdrawal address.
If ever desired, you can exit as a validator which eliminates the requirement to be online, and stops any further rewards. Your remaining balance will then be withdrawn to the withdrawal address that you designate during setup.
Get started on the Staking Launchpad
The Staking Launchpad is an open source application that will help you become a staker. It will guide you through choosing your clients, generate your keys and depositing your ETH to the staking deposit contract. A checklist is provided to make sure you've covered everything to get your validator set up safely.
独立验证者在冒险投入资金之前，应该在 Holesky 测试网上测试其设置和运营技能。请记住选择非主流客户端非常重要，因为它能提升网络的安全性并减少你的风险。
如果你熟悉相关技能，你可以独自使用 Staking Launchpad，通过命令行来设置所需要的一切。
为了让事情变得更简单，请查看下面的一些工具和指南，它们可以帮助你使用 Staking Launchpad 轻松设置客户端。
What to consider with node and client setup tools
There are a growing number of tools and services to help you home stake your ETH, but each come with different risks and benefits.
Attribute indicators are used below to signal notable strengths or weaknesses a listed staking tool may have. Use this section as a reference for how we define these attributes while you’re choosing what tools to help with your staking journey.
- 开源
- 已审核
- 漏洞悬赏
- 经过实战测试
- 去信任
- 无需许可
- 多客户端
- 自我保管
- 经济实惠
开源
基本代码是完全开源的，可供大家分叉和使用
开源
闭源
Explore node and client setup tools
There are a variety of options available to help you with your setup. Use the above indicators to help guide you through the tools below.
Node tools
Please note the importance of choosing a minority client as it improves the security of the network, and limits your risk. Tools that allow you to setup minority client are denoted as "multi-client."
Key Generators
These tools can be used as an alternative to the Staking Deposit CLI to help with key generation.
Have a suggestion for a staking tool we missed? Check out our product listing policy to see if it would be a good fit, and to submit it for review.
Explore home staking guides
Frequently asked questions
These are a few of the most common questions about staking that are worth knowing about.
Further reading
- The Ethereum Staking Directory - Eridian and Spacesider
- Ethereum's Client Diversity Problem - @emmanuelawosika 2022
- Helping Client Diversity - Jim McDonald 2022
- Client diversity on Ethereum's consensus layer - jmcook.eth 2022
- How To: Shop For Ethereum Validator Hardware - EthStaker 2022
- Step by Step: How to join the Ethereum 2.0 Testnet - Butta
- Eth2 Slashing Prevention Tips - Raul Jordan 2020